Produzione e trasformazione di energia primaria 
Produzione e distribuzione di elettricità e calore 
Tecnologie per i trasporti 
Tecnologie per il residenziale e i servizi 
Tecnologie per l'industria e l'agricoltura Produzione e distribuzione di elettricità e calore
Thermal Energy Storage
Autors: Fabio Bisegna, Fabio Nardecchia, Laura Pompei, Adio Miliozzi
Production and Distribution of Electricity and Heat
Thermal energy storage (TES) includes a number of technologies to store heat as sensible heat, latent heat, or as thermo-chemical energy, at temperatures ranging from -40 °C to more than 700 °C. The storage of sensible heat is based on the thermal capacity of a storage medium. A cheap and popular storage medium for low-mid temperature (150 °C) thermal storage is obtained using both liquid and solid medium (e.g. salts) or low-cost materials (e.g. concrete). Sensible heat storage systems seem to offer limited storage capacity because of the low specific heat of the storage materials. Nevertheless, as the temperature level determines the storage energy density, high temperature sensible heat storage systems with a minimum temperature of 100°C offer high energy density and a wide range of application. On the other hand, latent heat storage systems are based on phase-change materials (PCMs); they offer higher storage capacity and provide heat at a constant temperature. Thermo-chemical storage (TCS) systems can provide even greater storage capacity because they are based on sorption and/or chemical reactions, which can store and release heat on demand. Sorption aims to capture gas or vapour by a sorbent, in a condensed phase, while chemical reactions can store and release heat through proper reversible endothermic/exothermic reactions. They can use chemical or physical activation methods for a variety of applications. At present, sensible heat storage systems are commercially available, latent heat-based systems are in a pre-industrial phase and TCS systems are still under development and demonstration
25-07-2022